Thermal Solar Desalination

About

PV-TEG and Thermal Solar Panels for Water Desalination

It is the same idea of PV-TEG, but we will put a sheet metal that contain Paraffin wax to collect the heat from PV or Thermal panels then transmits this heat to the large number of TEG units to generate a bulk of electricity and to use a water tank to treat the water by Evaporating and compressing the water which will be transformed into hot vapor with high pressure, this hot vapor will be forced to pass through several circular plates that contain narrow holes almost 0.12 nm then to collide with the condensation plates to condensate the vapor and return back into liquid phase (clean water). Also, we can use other several types of water desalination such as: Thermal Evaporation and Electrolysis.

Now I’ll describe the two methods of generating electricity to be used in Electrolysis or Thermal Evaporation.

PV-TEG, It is an auxiliary system for PV to increase its efficiency and output.

Firstly, we should remember that PV efficiency decreases by 0.25% when temperature rises by one Celsius degree

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Also, PV panels don't make use of all waves coming from sunlight such as infrared waves that increase PV temperature and decrease its efficiency. Hence, my patent works on these two points.

The main purpose of this idea is to use PV & TEG or Thermal Solar Panels as a green source for generating electricity used for water desalination.

The patent consists of some main parts which are:

(a) Optic filter: which filtrates the sunlight to remove the non-needed waves such as infrared and ultraviolet. The filter optic will allow only visible waves with wavelengths 380 to 700 nm. It could be Flat Plate mirror reflectors or two sheets of lenses containing chemicals such as glycol.

(b) Electronic element (TEG): which is as same as the first idea with its coolant. which is an electronic device can transform heat into electricity if it is supposed to temperature difference on its two faces. This type of TEG is TEHP1-24156-1.2 that provides 21.6 watts.

(c) Coolant: which is a chemical substance such water and glycol run through microchannel used to cool the power electronic element from damage and to create temperature difference on the two sides of power electronic element.

(d) Sewage Water/ sea water Tank: which consists of pairs of metal sheets called electrodes, that are arranged in pairs of two anodes and cathodes in case of electrolysis method. Using the principles of electrochemistry, the cathode is oxidized (loses electrons), while the water is reduced (gains electrons), thereby making the wastewater better treated. It consists of two metal sheets containing iron powder to be used for quick evaporation for water in case of thermal evaporation. Then there is a compressor to compress this hot vapor and force it to run through pipes that contain several circular plates containing narrow holes. This hot vapor will be forced to pass through several circular plates that contain narrow holes almost 0.12 nm then to collide with the condensation plates to condensate the vapor and return back into liquid phase (clean water)

The basic idea is a normal PV panel will be attached with some units. Above the PV, an optic filter will be mounted to filtrate the sunlight to remove the non-usable waves such as infrared and ultraviolet. PV panels don’t make use of such waves. On the other hand, these waves increase the temperature of PV which reduces its efficiency.

Two metal sheets containing paraffin wax will be hinged in the backside of PV to collect its heat and to increase its temperature then to transmit such high temperature heat to TEG to create max possible energy. This is called Heat Source.

TEG will face high temperature coming from paraffin wax on one side and the other side will face low temperature coming from the coolant. A temperature difference is created then TEG will produce electricity. This type of TEG is TEHP1-24156-1.2 that provides 21.6 watts.

Coolant which flows inside microchannel to cool the power electronic device to protect it from high temperature and to make temperature difference that generates electricity. Sewage / Sea Water Tank which consists of pairs of metal sheets called electrodes, that are arranged in pairs of two anodes and cathodes.

Using the principles of electrochemistry, the cathode is oxidized (loses electrons), while the water is reduced (gains electrons), thereby making the wastewater better treated.

It receives power from PV-TEG or thermal solar panels to electrocute the water to remove and break any chemical bonds between water and any other pollutant.

It consists of two metal sheets containing iron powder to be used for quick evaporation for water in case of thermal evaporation.

Then there is a compressor to compress this hot vapor and force it to run through pipes that contain several circular plates containing narrow holes.

This hot vapor will be forced to pass through several circular plates that contain narrow holes almost 0.12 nm then to collide with the condensation plates to condensate the vapor and return back into liquid phase (clean water).

Also, we can use Thermal Solar Panels for generating electricity and here its description:

The basic idea of the thermal panel that sun’s heat is collected by heat absorber then its temperature is increased and heat absorber touches power electronic device (TEG) from one side and the other side touches coolant which flows inside microchannel (Mechanical) to cool the power electronic device to protect it from high temperature and to make temperature difference that generates electricity.

The dimensions of thermal panel modules are 1 m * 1 m = 1 m2. It can contain nearly 600 pieces of power electronic device and it can generate 12 KW and more for the same size of normal PV (which produces 1 KW for every 10 m2).

We can notice that our thermal panel is powerful by 12 times than normal PV with the same dimensions.

My thermal panel has the feature to work at night as it has a heat absorber that can maintain heat for a long time.

My thermal panels can be installed anywhere such as on roofs, in farms, in factories that produce heat etc.

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It consists of three main parts:

(a) Heat absorber: which is a chemical substance such as iron powder which can absorb the sun’s heat and light and keeps it for a long time. It provides heat to one side of the power electronic element. (b) Power electronic element (TEG): which is an electronic device can transform heat into electricity if it is supposed to temperature difference on its two faces. (c) Coolant: which is a chemical substance such water and glycol run through microchannel used to cool the power electronic element from damage and to create temperature difference on the two sides of power electronic element.

(d) Sewage Water/ sea water Tank: which consists of pairs of metal sheets called electrodes, that are arranged in pairs of two anodes and cathodes in case of electrolysis method. Using the principles of electrochemistry, the cathode is oxidized

(loses electrons), while the water is reduced (gains electrons), thereby making the wastewater better treated. It consists of two metal sheets containing iron powder to be used for quick evaporation for water in case of thermal evaporation.

It uses the same techniques for water desalination described above with PV-TEG.

• It has some excellent features:

1- Using the sun's heat and light to generate electricity using an electronic heat exchanger.

2- Using the invention to increase the efficiency of electricity production plants, especially nuclear plants.

3- Using the invention to reduce the consumption of water used in the production of electricity.

4- Use the device to reduce global warming.

5- The device consists of three elements, namely, the heating material, the cooling material, and the electronic element.

6- The device generates electricity from the heat of the sun or water vapor and has condensing panels to convert steam into water and use it again.