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The invention comprises a Human Patient Simulator (HPS) that exhibits highly realistic facial expressions and provides high fidelity learning experiences to clinicians in training.
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Description The invention comprises a Human Patient Simulator (HPS) that exhibits highly realistic facial expressions and provides high fidelity, realistic, repeatable learning experiences to clinicians in training. New techniques employed in this HPS include the use constrained local model facial feature tracking to provide more accurate motion. Additionally, the invention utilizes “patient masks”, which are models of different patient physiologies (e.g., stroke, dystonia, cerebral palsy) and affective states (e.g., pain, drowsiness, disorientation) that can be computationally applied by an operator controlling the HPS system. By providing simulations on lifelike mannequins, clinicians can move their learning curve away from the patient and avoid potentially life threatening and costly mistakes. In the United States, medical errors that harm patients cost an estimated $17.1 billion dollars per year, and kill as many as 98,000 people per year.