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Using full-length cDNA infectious clones with reverse genetics technology, we can generate recombinant viruses with targeted mutations on the identified virulent factors
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Description Researchers at Kansas State University have created full-length cDNA infectious clones of Seneca Valley Virus that can be used as an important research tool for viral pathogenesis studies, as well as used as a viral backbone for modified live virus (MLV) vaccine development. Senecavirus A (SVA), formally named as Seneca Valley Virus (SVV), is a small, non-enveloped picornavirus. This virus was unknown until 2002 when it was discovered as a tissue culture contaminant. The pathogenicity of SVA in swine and other animals is unclear, but its recent presence is associated with outbreaks of idiopathic vesicular disease in swine. The clinical signs of idiopathic vesicular disease are indistinguishable from those of swine vesicular disease virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, vesicular exanthema of swine virus, and foot and mouth disease virus. Because any vesicular disease must be reported and investigated as a potential foreign animal disease, the development of control measures specific for SVA is critical. Advantages Traditional method for MLV vaccine development is to serially passage the virus through cell culture. Mutations introduced into the virus during the viral passage are random, and cell culture attenuation process takes a long period of time. In contrast, using full-length cDNA infectious clones with reverse genetics technology, we can generate recombinant viruses with targeted mutations on the identified virulent factors. It takes a shorter period of time to obtain attenuated MLV vaccine candidates.